Islam and Western Civilization in Contemporary Islamic Thought: A Critical Analytical Study

Abstract

This study examines the position of contemporary Islamic thought toward Western civilization through a critical analytical approach. It explores the intellectual foundations and philosophical principles of Western civilization and compares them with the Islamic worldview regarding humanity, knowledge, ethics, and civilization. The study aims to identify the benefits that can be derived from Western scientific and technological achievements while preserving Islamic beliefs and moral values. It also addresses contemporary challenges, including globalization, secularism, artificial intelligence, and digital media, and analyzes their impact on Islamic identity and values. The research adopts a critical analytical methodology and draws upon Bar-e-Sagheer Mein Islami Fikr by Professor Aziz Ahmad as one of its primary sources, alongside classical Islamic references and contemporary scholarly studies. The study concludes that Islam does not reject scientific or civilizational progress; rather, it encourages its ethical and responsible use within a framework of faith, justice, and human dignity, thereby achieving a balanced integration of authenticity and modernity.